[Clinical and epidemiological characteristics of neonatal influenza].
نویسندگان
چکیده
La gripe es una infección viral que afecta a la población general, pero preferentemente a los extremos de la vida. La gripe pediátrica se presenta básicamente antes de los 5 años. La sintomatología es bastante inespecífica en edades inferiores a los 2 años y solo a partir de los 4-5 años sus manifestaciones clínicas puede orientarnos hacia esta enfermedad1. Existen pocos estudios sobre la gripe neonatal (menos de 28 días) y focalizados en la gripe A (H1N1) pandémica2--4. Por ello presentamos un estudio prospectivo sobre los casos detectados en las últimas 3 temporadas gripales (2012/13, 2013/14 y 2014/15). A los pacientes que acudían a urgencias durante los meses gripales con sintomatología respiratoria se les realizó un aspirado nasofaríngeo. La detección de los virus gripales se efectuó mediante una técnica de RT-PCR en tiempo real (Anyplex® RV16; Seegen, Corea del Sur). Se revisaron las historias clínicas de los neonatos con diagnóstico de gripe. A lo largo de las 3 temporadas se han diagnosticado 1.215 casos de gripe, de los cuales 631 (51,9%) fueron en menores de 15 años. De ellos, 21 casos se presentaron en neonatos (3,3% del total de casos de gripe estudiados). La edad media fue de 24,1 días (rango: 5-28 días). Los pacientes de menor edad (5 y 9 días) presentaron una gripe A (H3N2). En la tabla 1 se presentan las características generales de los neonatos estudiados. En 3 pacientes existía antecedente de prematuridad y en uno una bronquiolitis previa por VRS. Ningún paciente falleció como consecuencia o a causa de la gripe. Ninguna de las madres había sido vacunada frente a la gripe durante el embarazo. En los neonatos estudiados no se han observado diferencias de género entre los diferentes virus gripales, salvo
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ورودعنوان ژورنال:
- Anales de pediatria
دوره 83 6 شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 2015